Unstable soil is often the primary source of foundation problems.
Most issues, such as drywall cracks and sloping floors, are caused by differential foundation settlement. It’s natural for a house to settle into place within the first few years after it is built, but significant damage results if the foundation continues to sink into the ground at an uneven rate.
This happens when the underlying soil becomes unstable, either due to a lack of moisture or excessive moisture. The soil shrinks during dry periods, resulting in gaps that the foundation footing can easily sink into. Excessive rain causes the soil to soften and expand, also leaving the foundation without proper support.
While many soil types can be found throughout the Mid-Atlantic region, expansive clay soil is the most problematic, exhibiting the problems described above.